Fire extinguishers
A fire extinguisher can put out a small fire before it spreads. But getting everyone out comes first. Only use one if you can answer yes to every question below.
Before you use one, ask
- Has everyone else been warned, and is the fire department on the way?
- Is the fire small, and in one object or on one surface, like a pan or a wastebasket? Fire grows and spreads very fast, so only fight a small one.
- Are you safe from the smoke? Smoke and toxic gases kill more people than flames do.
- Do you have a clear way out behind you? You need a way out if the fire grows out of control.
- Can you physically handle the extinguisher?
If any answer is no, or you aren't sure: warn everyone, get out, and call 911. Young children and older adults should not use fire extinguishers. Fighting a fire is dangerous and could cost you your life.
How to use it: P.A.S.S.
- Pull the pin. Point the nozzle away from you and release the lock.
- Aim low, at the base of the fire.
- Squeeze the lever slowly and evenly.
- Sweep the nozzle from side to side.
Which kind to buy
For most homes, a multipurpose extinguisher labeled "A-B-C" works on fires in ordinary materials like wood and paper (A), burning liquids like grease and gasoline (B) and plugged-in electrical equipment (C). Keep it where you can reach it quickly, with nothing in the way.
The U.S. Fire Administration suggests contacting your fire department if you would like fire extinguisher training. Find your nearest fire station and ask.
Sources
- Why each step matters: NFPA, Ready.gov (FEMA), Oregon State Fire Marshal.
- Every point on this page: U.S. Fire Administration, Fire extinguishers (page last reviewed April 1, 2023).